McDonalds Analysis Essays

McDonalds Analysis Essays McDonalds Analysis Essay McDonalds Analysis Essay Using SWOT, PEST, five forces and the Porters Value Chain, I will assess The McDonald Fast food Chain Organisation. The analysis is a way to take the temperature of the business and its market place. It will prompt ideas for improvements to a way the challenges are met. With more than 30,000 restaurants in over 100 countries, 80 % of them franchisees. It feeds some 47 millions clients every day but still serves less than one percent of the worlds population. How does it do this? It lies in its strengths: McDonalds distributors are strategically to be accessible to the each restaurant and carry practically everything, from meat to lightbulbs. From the Classical menu to the new: Newproducts have been introduced as the tastes of the market. Alongside the Big Macs and Chicken McNuggets, there is a New Tastes Menu offering new McTreats. Theres lows include the popular Teriyaki Burger in Japan and vegetable Nuggets in India. Customers come to McDonalds for signature products they cant find anywhere else. In addition many families visit the restaurants because of their unique ability to put smiles on their childrens faces. Happy meal combine wholesome food whit a toy; Its value lies in major sponserships from Olympics to Justin Timerlake the singer. Whats are their weakness you say: Its confronting a supersized problem. As fat-fearing nations turn to healthier food and consumer choice expands, the burger market is shrinking fast. The figures tell their own story. Last year McDonalds recorded its first ever loss $343m in the last quarter. The results for the first quarter of this year are worse. In Europe, sales plunged 3. 8 per cent in January McDonalds is shutting 517 underperforming restaurants and pulling out of three countries altogether. The economy is partly blame for this, wars and political disagreements affecting chains(France). But the threat comes from rivals-KFC, Burger king to name a few Its war on the prices as demands are increasing. To name a few Opportunities, McDonalds is shifting the focus to the product. The new ads are all about saying here is some healthy food you will enjoy. The message is that fast food need not be bad food. It is improving though A Nutrition Facts leaflet is proudly displayed at the entrance to help you balance your McDonalds meal: They know people think about their health, so now we have healthy food. As customers change, McDonalds changes by quietly buying up chains that already have a reputation for serving high quality food. nvesting in quality restaurants, mid range restaurants to combat the threats feature(five forces) that do not bear their name, like Boston Market, Chipotle Griland . The Threats: Subway, the sandwich maker is the largest fast food chain in the US. Fat people suing burger bars. Lawyers point out that obesity is now Americas number one killer. Eric Schlosser, whose bestselling book tarnished McDonalds image by criticising on fast food and its effect on diet, health. He made revelations that the beef in fast food burgers can contain meat from up to 100 different animals. Leaves a foul taste in the mouth doesnt it. However, surprisingly, Schlosser believes the firm is heading in the right direction On the whole customer loyalty is still very much there. Despite its problems it still serves 46 million people a day in 30,000 restaurants in 125 countries. But one thing is certain. If the burger n fries chain has a future, it wont be burgers n fries. For Mcdonalds to develop further it needs to invest (RD) in the research of low fat foods. Keep out of countries that dislike USA. It needs to focus more on the countries where it makes substantial profit like the USA and Europe. But most of all it needs to put money in the work force. It needs to go back in advertising and market the good foods they have and will have. Its been a while since I have seen an advert on TV or a Billboard. It is time to comeback. It needs educators specialising in Nutrition, to spread the news about the health foods they are starting to provide. They need to help the environment to tarnish up their image and to show what measures they are going to, to satisfy more concious and a healthy customer. On top of all this, it still needs to be darn cheap.

Meanings of the Spanish Word Papel

Meanings of the Spanish Word Papel The Spanish word papel is a cognate of the English word paper and often has the same meaning. Papel also has an important and frequently used meaning not associated with the English word, that of a role, such as in a play or job. Papel With Meanings Related to Paper When referring to paper, papel can refer to paper in general or to a single sheet or piece, although hoja de papel can also refer to a sheet: Una bola de papel puede ser un buen juguete para tu gato. (A wad of paper can be a good toy for your cat.)Las dimensiones de un papel A4 son 297 mm x 210 mm. (The dimensions of an A4 sheet of paper are 297 millimeters by 210 millimeters.)Aunque de inicio no lo creas, una hoja de papel simple puede soportar un peso significativo. (Although at first you may not believe it, a single sheet of paper can support a significant weight.)El papel de arroz se usa en la cocina asitica. (Rice paper is used in Asian cooking.)El papel se ha convertido en uno de los productos emblemà ©ticos de nuestra cultura. (Paper has become one of the products characteristic of our culture.)Ayer yo necesitaba un papel para anotar algo. (Yesterday I needed a sheet of paper in order to write something down.) Papel in singular or plural can refer to documents of various kinds: No necesito un papel para confirmar que estamos juntos. (I dont need a document to prove that were together.)Me dijeron que necesito firmar algà ºn papel de prà ©stamo. (They told me I need to sign some loan document.)Si no tiene papeles de estadà ­a legal y es arrestado, tiene derecho a guardar silencio y pedir un abogado. (If you dont have residence documents and are arrested, you have the right to remain silent and ask for a lawyer.) Papel Referring to Roles Papel frequently refers to an acting role: La modelo venezolana es conocida por su papel de Rosita. (The Venezuelan model is known for her role as Rosita.)Hollywood sà ³lo tiene un papel para los actores rabes. (Hollywood has only one role for Arab actors.)Alejandro tenà ­a un papel pequeà ±o en una escena en la pelà ­cula. (Alejandro had a small role in one scene in the film.) More broadly, papel can refer to almost any kind of role, for both people and things: La universidad tiene un papel importante porque forma valores. (The university has an important role because it forms values.)La iglesia tuvo un papel crucial en la Europa medieval. The church had a crucial role in medieval Europe.Los cientà ­ficos desempeà ±arà ­an un papel central en este proceso de reforma ambiental. Scientists played a central role in this process of environmental reform.La Cmara siempre entendià ³ que el presidente tiene un rol importante en estos asuntos. (The House always understood that the president has an important role in these matters.) Papel in Phrases Among the phrases and idioms that use the word papel are these: asumir el papel - to assume the rolehacer el papel, interpretar el papel - to play the rolepapel blanco, papel en blanco - blank sheet (can be used figuratively)papel cuchà © - glossy paperpapel de aluminio, papel de estaà ±o, papel de plata - aluminum foil (the latter two literally refer to tin and silver foil but are nevertheless sometimes used to refer to aluminum foil)papel de embalar - wrapping paper (such as for a gift)papel higià ©nico - toilet paper, bath tissuepapel moneda - paper moneypapel perià ³dico - newsprintpapel picado  - a type of decorative perforated paper popular in Mexico as a decorationpapel pintado - wallpaperperder los papeles - to lose self-controlsobre el papel - in theory, on papertomar un papel - to take a roletrozo de papel - piece of paper Etymology of Papel Like the English word paper, papel comes from the Latin papyrus, which came from the Greek papyros, referring to a plant from which paper was once made. The meaning of papel as a role comes from the roll of paper that actors roles once were written on. (Despite the different spelling, the English role also comes from that usage.) The Spanish rol is often used synonymously for that meaning. Key Takeaways Papel is often synonymous with the English paper and can be used for different kinds of paper and documents.Papel also can refer to various kinds roles played by people or objects.

Rights of the Contract Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Rights of the Contract - Research Paper Example Nomar shall acquire rightful ownership that will include executive powers to run the gun business upon payment of the principal sum. Henceforth, all legal procedures and requirements shall be based on his adherence to proper business ethics as outlined in their partnership accord. The principal sum will indicate Mia’s willingness of compliance to the business transfer contract. Thus, the sum will be a commitment for her 50% share ownership in the business. Following the first settlement Nomar will achieve executive rights to purchase all the business assets up to and including inventory, fixtures, trade license, and the remaining seven-year lease of the business store. Use and Disclosure; Rights The business partners shall agree on disclosure of rights and business freedoms as required by the law. Following a successful transfer of ownership, business partners shall be required to comply with regulation that regards to the nature of the business. Considering that the couple is involved in a sensitive business and one that is of national concern, the partners shall be expected to comply with confidentiality as required by the court. Unless authorized by a legal procedure, the business partners shall be expected to withhold any sensitive information that pertains to their business. A mutual agreement will be reached in accordance to the Uniform Commercial Code or otherwise. Henceforth, the business associate shall be accountable for any form of disclosure that threatens the very existence of the business or any form of security breach related to their business. In this concern, the associates shall agree not to disclose any sensitive information that would otherwise jeopardize the requirements covered in the business entity.... The business partners shall agree on disclosure of rights and business freedoms as required by the law. Following a successful transfer of ownership, business partners shall be required to comply with regulation that regards to the nature of the business. Considering that the couple is involved in a sensitive business and one that is of national concern, the partners shall be expected to comply with confidentiality as required by the court. Unless authorized by a legal procedure, the business partners shall be expected to withhold any sensitive information that pertains to their business. A mutual agreement will be reached in accordance to the Uniform Commercial Code or otherwise. Henceforth, the business associate shall be accountable for any form of disclosure that threatens the very existence of the business or any form of security breach related to their business. In this concern, the associates shall agree not to disclose any sensitive information that would otherwise jeopardize the requirements covered in the business entity.

French Revolution Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

French Revolution - Coursework Example Furthermore, the author discusses the cultural, economic, and social changes in France during the period, as well as France’s international relations. Robespierre and the Terror by Marisa Linton is a readable discourse on contemporary terrorism based on French history. The author is Kingston University’s Reader in History and has written widely on 18th-century French culture and politics and the French Revolution. Vividly narrating the beginning of the Great Terror mobilised by Robespierre, this engaging work provides incomparable images of apparently unreasonable acts of murder and cruelty. Linton examines Robespierre’s reformist enthusiasm, his part in the king’s prosecution and the demise of the monarchy, and his determined effort to build a modern republic. This work also discusses how Robespierre has contributed to the course of French history, influencing not only the country’s domestic life, but also its responses to overseas events. Roger Price’s Napoleon III: Hero or Grotesque Mediocrity is a historiographical analysis of the monarch and his government. Price, an Emeritus Professor of History at the University of Wales, has thoroughly worked on the history of France. In this work, he takes into consideration the mid-century predicament which gave Napoleon III the chance to acquire the presidential post. This work is very relevant to the discussion of the impact of foreign events on France during the period 1789-1906 because not only did the author explains the goals or purposes of Napoleon III, he also presents a summary of the ruler’s accomplishments and administration, his political, social, and economic influence, as well as the evolving historical views of the period. The book France 1870-1914 by Robert Gildea talks about the union of republican regime and the regaining of national self-reliance.

Teaching career Essay Example for Free

Teaching career Essay Source A is a memoir written by Elizabeth Makinson, who finished her teaching career in Bradford 1913. A memoir is a collection of memories based on a certain theme. This source would have come into existence, because Elizabeth will have reached a certain age and would want to review her childhood experiences and her early teaching career. Elizabeths memories are based on her education in a Board School called Belle Vue, and her early teaching career in Drummond Road, which was another Board School. Bell Vue was mainly for lower middle class children, as rich upper class children would have Governesses or would go to College. This particular school was on Manningham Lane, which at the time was a very desirable place to live. The education wasnt free, as the children would pay 6 pence per week. This wasnt considered expensive as the children would receive a high standard of education. They would learn a wide range of subjects, these were Arithmetic, Euclid (Greek), Geography, History, Drawing and Painting, Songs, Tonic Solfa (Singing in Ranges), English Literature, Physiography, Physiology, Cookery and Domestic Science, French, Elementary science, Practical and Theatrical Chemistry. This school was well funded as there was expensive equipment including Bunsen Burners, Crucibles, Test tubes, Retorts, Beakers and Small, Brass Balances. The school was funded for gym kits and other gym equipment such as climbing frames, vaulting horse, parallel bars, ropes and dumb-bells. The Headmistress Miss S. L. Beszant would take the children on school outings to the Bradford Destructor, Esholt Sewage works, and to the Theatre Royal to see the matinee showing of Romeo and Juliet, featuring the famous actress, Ellen Terry. In the next paragraph of the memoir she describes the school where she worked called Drummond Road Board School in the infants department in 1900. She received a place in this school when she passed the Teachers Entrance Examination. This school would not have been well funded and would have probably been free for lower class and working classes, who attended. This source would be quite useful to a historian who is studying schooling, because it illustrates what types of schooling were in use after the 1870s Education Act and the quality of education in these schools. However, as it is a memoir Elizabeth tends to remember the good points rather than the bad. This would therefore cause the source to become less valid, but in looking at other sources we can see how reliable this source is. Source B is a photograph of a Board School in 1894. This photograph was possibly taken, because towards the late nineteenth century photographs were taken to demonstrate poverty; therefore this photograph could have originally been taken for this purpose rather than education. This source tells us that there were only nine pupils, which is a very small class. This was because some of the pupils would have been half-timers, which means that they would work six hours in the mill and then attend school afterwards. The children in the photograph are frowning, however this does not necessarily mean that they did not enjoy going to school. This is because in Victorian times photography was a very long process; therefore it was easier to frown rather than smile. This source could be slightly unreliable, because photographs can be set up and arranged in order to gain a desired opinion. However this statement does not necessarily mean that the source is completely unreliable, because by looking at other sources we can see how true it is.

Dred Scott case Essay -- American History, African Americans

On June 19th 1862 the US Congress prohibits slavery in the United States territories nullifying the Dred Scott Case. This was the most important day in US history for African Americans. This is because it helped blacks gain the rights they deserve. It also gave them rights they never thought they could achieve. This Court case of Scott vs. Sanford was a catalyst to riots, other court cases such as Brown vs. Board of Education, Rachel vs. Walker and many acts and amendments resulted from one mans wish to be free. Dred Scott was a slave to the Emerson family of Missouri. Emerson soon died in 1846 making Scott sue for his freedom. He soon lost the case in a state court, but shortly after he was introduced to a national court. Scott Soon after lost the case again but then was later considered free man. This case caused many good things to occur, and many things bad to occur. Some of these things include the strengthening of the Republican Party in opposition to the courts decision; and it increased the abolitionist to get rid of slavery which eventually leads to the civil war. There are also some negatives to the Dred Scott Case like how it eventually led to the Panic of 1857. As well caused fights like Bleeding Kansas. Even the system of checks and balances was hurt by the Dred Scott Case. This case played a major role in how African Americans live today and how they are accepted among people. Without the efforts of Dred Scott and the people who followed in his footsteps there would be no way African Americans can live with the freedom and rights they have today because of the Dred Scott Case. Scott in addition caused people to really understand what life was... ...gislative branch, but also strengthened all the power of the republican party and there abolitionist ways. There was other things that have helped like the Rachel vs. Walker and James Tallmadge. These other cases and people have really helped Dred Scott gain his freedom and effect the world in so many ways that have effected the world so blacks no longer have to worry about being whipped, hit , or any racial discrimination without justice stepping in. Dred Scott was easily the most important person to ever live he has done so many great things. Dred Scott has become a major topic in all United States history, he will also go down as the best civil rights activist to ever live even though he did not realize at the time that he would become a major celebrity in history. Easily Dred Scott is known as the greatest person in history.

The Turbulent True Story of a First Year at Harvard Law School

INTRODUCTION One L is the first attempt at non fiction writing by Scott Turrow, an attorney by profession and a best selling novelist. Mr. He graduated from Harvard Law School and He has been a partner in the Chicago office of Sonnenschein Nath & Rosenthal, a national law firm, since 1986, Turrow has won multiple awards for his writings including the Heartland Prize in 2003 For â€Å"Reversible Errors† and the Robert F. Kennedy award in 2004 for Ultimate punishment. He is best known for his second non fictional work â€Å"The Ultimate Punishment† in which he discusses the death penalty.   He is currently a Member of Illinois' Executive Ethics Commission. Turrow’s fictional work is widely popular and although he confines his writing only to the murder mystery genre his work is commendable. Turrow’s reasons for finding this genre the most captivating are simple he says â€Å"Only in the mystery novel are we delivered final and unquestionable solutions. The joke to me is that fiction gives you a truth that reality can't deliver.† (Scott Turrow, 2001) SUMMARY Turrow in his book One L gives an account of what a first year law student goes through. Scott Turrow interprets the authenticity of the life of law students ubiquitously.   He describes an array of situations beginning of course with the excitement of being accepted into an Ivy League school, Harvard Law the most prestigious law school in the country. Mr. Turrow attended law school in the 70’s but he manages to narrate his story in a manner that seems enduring enough to keep a reader captivated all through the book he gets a tad dramatic at times giving details about everything one might experience in the first year of law college from the unusual kinds of students to the remarkable teachers, the stress the pressure even some horrific accounts about the way students are treated by the professors. It is common knowledge that Teachers in most law schools use the Socratic method of teaching which apparently comes as a surprise to Turrow The first year law students have to study the law of contracts, torts and criminal law.   â€Å"Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, the mornings we have Contracts . . . I'm nearly sick to my stomach. . . . I can't believe it, but I think about that class and I get ill,† writes turrow. As a common practice in colleges Turrow write about his study group. He also has ideas for improving the system and the overall experience of the first year law students. He suggests â€Å"brief writing, research, courtroom technique, document drafting, negotiation, client counseling, and the paramount task of gathering the facts.† Mr. Turow's study of the other students also appears rather outward and small-minded. The students are basically stereotyped into the â€Å"achievers†, â€Å"the complainers† â€Å"intellectuals,† â€Å"but who, in reality, are no more intellectual than a kindergartener with a crayon† and the professors who â€Å"harass† the students. He mentions nothing about the types of queries one comes across in a law school. He attended law school while he was married and his marital life added to the dilemmas of law school but what Mr. Turrow never mentions is that the average first year law student is not married his problems can not be compared to an average law student which eradicates the validity of the book as a true experience of an average student in addition to all these factors the fact that the seventies experience can not be compared to a present day experience should also be taken into account Another factor which is different in the present times compared to the time Turrow attended law school is the admissions procedure students planning to go to law school nowadays have the option of taking an editing test which means a lot of studying before the actual admissions meanwhile in the seventies students got admissions on the basis of their grades only Scotts work though comprehensive and interesting at times is nothing extraordinary much better books about first year experience as a law student have been written his style is true to his attorney self and drags the story along in mostly a negative tone giving the readers every horrific account possible with great insight into his own emotions and at times it almost sounds like he’s suggesting people should stop going to law schools just because the first year is tough. Mr. Turrow forgets to mention that for every student starting college being nervous is a natural thing and the first year of college anywhere is just a s tough as the first year of law school. Also an Ivy League school can not be compared to other schools. CONCLUSION Turrow’s story is completely subjective without any comprehensive insight into the facts of the situation and at times dramatic to the point of being annoying and pretentious, reading a book about another person’s life experience should open up a new world for the reader instead of imposing the author’s ideas. Perhaps it never occurred to Mr. Turrow that a school like Harvard would not change its 200 years old methods of teaching just because the first year students didn’t get a warm enough welcome at the school. Although Scott makes an honest effort to convey in the best possible way all his experiences he fails at achieving his goal. It’s an good enough book for students planning to go to law college but people with no interest in attending a law college would find this book over rated. WORKS CITED 1. Amazon inc (2006) book Review of One L: The Turbulent True Story of a First Year at Harvard Law School. Retrieved on 12th October 2006 from: http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/customer-reviews 2. Scott Turrow (2006) biography of Scott Turrow. Retrieved on 12th October 2006 from:                  

Broadening Your Prospective Essay

1. Compute the activity-based overhead rate for each activity cost pool. Activity-based overhead is determined by dividing estimated overhead by the estimated cost drivers. Activity cost Pool Estimated Overhead /Cost drivers=ACB Overhead Rate Market analysis 1,050,00015,000$70 Product Design2,350,0002,500$940 Product development3,600,00090$40,000 Prototype testing1,400,000500$2,800 2. How much cost would be charged to an in-house manufacturing department that consumed 1,800 hours of market analysis time, was provided 280 designs relating to 10 products, and requested 92 engineering tests? The total charged to an in-house manufacturing department would be $1,046,800. This dollar amount is determined by multiplying the overhead rates of each activity to the amount consumed for that activity and added together for a total. (1,800*70= 126,000), (280*940=263,200) (10*40,000=400,000), (2,800*92=257,600) 3. How much cost would serve as the basis for pricing an R&D bid with an outside company on a contract that would consume 800 hours of analysis time, require 178 designs relating to 3 products, and result in 70 engineering tests? $539,320 would serve as the basis for pricing an R&D bid with an outside company because that dollar amount is the breakeven point. (800*70=56,000), (178*940=167,320), (3*40,000= 120,000), (70*2,800=196,000) 4. What is the benefit to Ideal Manufacturing of applying activity-based costing to its R&D activity for both in-house and outside charging purposes? The benefit to Ideal Manufacturing of applying activity-based costing to its R&D activity for both in-house and outside charging purposes is it will allow the company to gain control of the operating costs of the department. Activity-based costing allows a company to appropriately assign overhead head cost. For example, Ideal manufacturing activities fell into four pools and activity-based costing helped the company to properly allocate its overhead dollars. Under using or over using overhead dollars means the company has to supplement those funds from or to another activity which is a waste to the company. The basis of activity-based costing is to assign cost only to those activities of a product that is actually using the activity in essences cutting costs. This is not only a benefit to Ideal Manufacturing but to any company that is looking to become more efficient and effective.

Asteroid, Meteor, Or Comet Impact On The Earth! Essays - Astronomy

Asteroid, Meteor, Or Comet Impact On The Earth! Essays - Astronomy Asteroid, Meteor, Or Comet Impact On The Earth! Richie Nover Per. 2 Science Regents Paper Project One Asteroid, Meteor, or Comet Impact on the Earth! An asteroid is a small or minor planets that are members of the solar system and move in elliptical orbits. Usually found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. A comet is relatively small, rocky, and icy. It revolves around the sun. When a comet passes close to the sun some of the ice turns to gas. This gas and some loose dust creates a long, bright tail that trails behind the comet. A meteor is a small solid object entering a planets atmosphere from outer space. Meteors sometimes come as fireballs, and shooting or falling stars. If anyone of these hit the earth, even something relatively small in size, it would do great damage. If a relatively small 200-meter asteroid hit an ocean it would create devastation to all cities near the coast. This is because it would create an enormous wave that would be like a tremendous wall of water that would cause all of the large cities on the coast to be under water. If a one-kilometer asteroid hit the land it would create a dust cloud that would block the sun and all food production would be destroyed. This dust cloud would cover the earth for years and years. A 400-500 kilometer object were to hit, it would evaporate all the oceans on the earth. If a 1500 kilometer object were to hit it would vaporize rocks and other debris, the temperature would rise to 2000k, the atmosphere would exceed 100 times more pressure than now, it would flash steam the oceans, and there would not be a drop of rain for 2000 to 3000 years. There have been evidences that in the past there have been impacts to our planet. Around 50,000 years ago a meteor hit the earth with around a 20 to 40 megaton explosion. In this area lived mammoths, sloth, bison, packrats, mastodons, mountain goats, camel, horses, and tapirs. At ground zero animals and plants were immediately vaporized. Wind scoured the land in a 3 to 5 km radius from the point of impact. The land was buried by ejected and overturned bedrock. One half of anything within 9 to 14 km would die from the air blasts. But the impact effects would only be severe within an 800 to 1500km area. No global extinction would occur. Yet on the evidence from the impact around 65 million years ago was a global catastrophe. Animal extinctions, plants died, atmosphere black out and vaporization of oceans those were some of the things that come with this impact. In the case of knowing we are having a catastrophic impact how would we deal with it? For a smaller asteroid we would use evacuations. Also not knowing if they would work, missiles could be aimed towards incoming objects to deflect then away from the earth. And even solar powered motors on the object could also be used to change the direction of the object. I take the threats of impacts very seriously. But the information I have read in these packets has shown no particularly bad impacts from space for the next hundred to ten thousand years. I feel safe knowing this information. I am for government funding to go towards precautionary measures. Even though its not a very high chance, there is a chance of impacts and they should be dealt with.

Frank Lloyd Wrights Plan for a Fireproof House

Frank Lloyd Wright's Plan for a Fireproof House Perhaps it was the 1906 earthquake and great fire in San Francisco that eventually inspired Frank Lloyd Wrights April 1907 Ladies Home Journal (LHJ) article, A Fireproof House for $5000. Dutch-born Edward Bok, LHJ editor-in-chief from 1889 to 1919, saw great promise in Wrights early designs. In 1901 Bok published Wrights plans for A Home in a Prairie Town and A Small House with Lots of Room in It. The articles, including the fireproof house, included sketches and floor plans designed exclusively for the LHJ. Its no wonder that the journal was the first magazine in the world to have one million subscribers. The design for the fireproof house is very Wright- simple and modern, somewhere between Prairie style and Usonian. By 1910 Wright was comparing what he called the concrete house of The Ladies Home Journal with his other flat-roofed, concrete projects, including Unity Temple. Characteristics of Wrights 1907 Fireproof House Simple Design: The floor plan shows a typical American Foursquare, popular at the time. With four sides of equal dimensions, concrete forms could be made once and used four times. To give the house visual width or depth, a simple trellis has been added, extending from the entrance. Center stairs near the entrance provide easy access to all parts of the house. This house is designed with no attic, but includes a dry, well-lighted basement storeroom. Concrete Construction: Wright was a great promoter of reinforced concrete construction- especially as it became more affordable for homeowners. Changing industrial conditions have brought reenforced concrete construction within the reach of the average home-maker, Wright claims in the article. The steel and masonry material provides not only fire protection, but also protection from dampness, heat, and cold. A structure of this type is more enduring than if carved intact from solid stone, for it is not only a masonry monolith but interlaced with steel fibres as well. For those unfamiliar with the process of working with this building material, Wright described that you make the forms using narrow flooring smoothed on the side toward the concrete and oiled. This would make the surface smooth. Wright wrote: In the composition of the concrete for the outside walls only finely-screened birds-eye gravel is used with cement enough added to fill the voids. This mixture is put into the boxes quite dry and tamped. When the forms are removed the outside is washed with a solution of hydrochloric acid, which cuts the cement from the outer face of the pebbles, and the whole surface glistens like a piece of grey granite. Flat, Concrete Slab Roof: The walls, floors and roof of this house, writes Wright, are monolithic casting, formed in the usual manner by means of wooden, false work, the chimney at the centre carrying, like a huge post, the central load of floor and roof construction. Five-inch thick reinforced gravel concrete creates fireproof floors and a roof slab that overhangs to protect the walls. The roof is treated with tar and gravel and  angled to drain not over the cold edges of the house, but into a downspout near the winter-warm center chimney. Closable Eaves: Wright explains that To afford further protection to the second-story rooms from the heat of the sun a false ceiling is provided of plastered metal lath hanging eight inches below the bottom of the roof slab, leaving a circulating air space above, exhausted to the large open space in the centre of the chimney. Controlling the air circulation in this space (by a simple device reached from the second-story windows) is a familiar system used today in fire-prone areas- left open in summer and closed in winter and for protection from blowing embers. Plaster Interior Walls: All the interior partitions are of metal lath plastered both sides, writes Wright, or of three-inch tile set upon the floor slabs after the reinforced concrete construction is complete. After coating the inside surfaces of the outside concrete walls with a non-conducting paint, or lining them with a plaster-board, the whole is plastered two coats with a rough sand finish. The interior is trimmed with light wood strips nailed to small, porous terra-cotta blocks, which are set into the forms at the proper points before the forms are filled with the concrete. Metal Windows: Wrights design for a fireproof house includes casement windows, swinging outward....The outer sash might at no very great additional expense be made of metal. Minimal Landscaping: Frank Lloyd Wright fully believed that his design could stand on its own. As an added grace in summer foliage and flowers are arranged for as a decorative feature of the design, the only ornamentation. In winter the building is well proportioned and complete without them. Known Examples of Frank Lloyd Wright Fireproof Houses 1908: Stockman Museum, Mason City, Iowa1915: Edmund F. Brigham House, Glencoe, Illinois1915: Emil Bach House, Chicago, Illinois Resources and Further Reading Edward Bok, Bok Tower Gardens National Historic Landmark website Frank Lloyd Wright On Architecture: Selected Writings (1894-1940), Frederick Gutheim, ed., Grossets Universal Library, 1941, p. 75 A Fireproof House for $5000, by Frank Lloyd Wright, Ladies Home Journal, April 1907, p. 24. A copy of the article was on the website of the Stockman House Museum, River City Society for Historic Preservation, Mason City, IA at www.stockmanhouse.org/lhj.html [accessed August 20, 2012]Visit the Emil Bach House at gowright.org/visit/bachhouse.html, Frank Lloyd Wright Preservation TrustGlencoes Notable Architecture, The Village of Glencoe; Antique Home Style has reproduced A Fireproof House for $5000 [accessed October 5, 2013]

Housing & Habitability Swimming Pools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Housing & Habitability Swimming Pools - Essay Example In a case where the lead-based paint has been chipping away for some time, there is already a risk of long-term exposure. However, both long-term and short-term exposure carries considerable health risks. Exposure to lead affects the brain, the central nervous system, and the blood cells. Exposure to high levels of lead can lead to convulsions, coma, and even death. Children and fetuses exposed to lead-based paint can experience delays in physical and mental development, lower IQ levels, shortened attention spans, and increased behavioral problems. In addition, children are more vulnerable as lead is easily absorbed into their bodies, and their developing tissues are more sensitive (EPA). In this situation, the children exposed to lead-based paint in this dwelling should have a blood test to determine their level of lead exposure, and the dwelling should be cleared of lead-based paint by professionals (EPA). The presence of cockroaches in this situation create an additional hazard to the occupants of the dwelling. The antigens released by cockroaches increase the risk to those who suffer from asthma. In addition, cockroaches are carriers of disease-causing germs (AFHH).

Anything related to radioactivity or the nucleus Essay

Anything related to radioactivity or the nucleus - Essay Example An apprehension also exists that the debris from the tsunami, which may be contaminated with radiation, is likely to spread towards the east of Japan and probably may reach the US west coast in about two to three years time. The main threat derives from the fact that radiation can be carried to other parts of the world through air as well as water. Evidence points to the possibility that marine organisms, migrating out of Japan Sea, may be exposed to radiation and these â€Å"might subsequently be harvested by US fishermen† (Buck & Upton p.2). Therefore, scientists suggest that the US authorities should keep monitoring the radiation levels in the seafood so harvested, or being imported from Japan. However, they find solace on the premise that any possible radiation in the sea water will get diluted quickly and will not be â€Å"a problem beyond the coast of Japan† (Buck & Upton p.2). Environmental pollution or contamination is a serious hazard and there is a rising need for creating awareness of this problem among the masses. This article deals with a current issue of highly significant nature and, therefore, is very relevant in the present day. The authors have clearly brought out the problem and its specific impacts on the environment and, therefore, information contained in this article is useful not only for scientists and environmentalists but also for the general public. The article further emphasizes the need for continued monitoring of radiation levels as a response measure to combat contamination. Thus, this article is a significant contribution to the field of environmental studies and can create awareness in the public about the problems radiation can cause to the environment. Buck, H, Eugene & Upton, F, Harold. Effects of Radiation from Fukushima Dai- ichi on the U.S. Marine Environment. Congressional Research Service. 2012. Web. 15 August 2012.